Chronicon Lethrense - Revision history

Hkllm at 12:58, 6 July 2012

2012-07-06T12:58:10Z

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	by Sebastian ~~Persson~~		by Sebastian Maskell Andersen

	The anonymous '''Chronicon Lethrense''' is probably the oldest narrative dealing with Danish legendary history, a subject matter that was subsequently taken up by Sven Aggesøn ([[Sueno Aggonis]]) and [[Saxo Grammaticus]]. The author demonstrates a clear interest in Lejre, the ancient seat of power close to Roskilde (on Sealand). Although most likely conceived as a separate work, the chronicle owes its preservation to the fact that it was inserted in the Annales Lundenses. The original name of the chronicle is not known. A version in Old Swedish may go back to a fuller and more original Latin text than the one preserved.		The anonymous '''Chronicon Lethrense''' is probably the oldest narrative dealing with Danish legendary history, a subject matter that was subsequently taken up by Sven Aggesøn ([[Sueno Aggonis]]) and [[Saxo Grammaticus]]. The author demonstrates a clear interest in Lejre, the ancient seat of power close to Roskilde (on Sealand). Although most likely conceived as a separate work, the chronicle owes its preservation to the fact that it was inserted in the Annales Lundenses. The original name of the chronicle is not known. A version in Old Swedish may go back to a fuller and more original Latin text than the one preserved.

Hkllm at 11:47, 4 July 2012

2012-07-04T11:47:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:47, 4 July 2012
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	by Sebastian Persson		by Sebastian Persson

	The anonymous ''Chronicon Lethrense'' is probably the oldest narrative dealing with Danish legendary history, a subject matter that was subsequently taken up by Sven Aggesøn ([[Sueno Aggonis]]) and [[Saxo Grammaticus]]. The author demonstrates a clear interest in Lejre, the ancient seat of power close to Roskilde (on Sealand). Although most likely conceived as a separate work, the chronicle owes its preservation to the fact that it was inserted in the Annales Lundenses. The original name of the chronicle is not known. A version in Old Swedish may go back to a fuller and more original Latin text than the one preserved.		The anonymous '''Chronicon Lethrense''' is probably the oldest narrative dealing with Danish legendary history, a subject matter that was subsequently taken up by Sven Aggesøn ([[Sueno Aggonis]]) and [[Saxo Grammaticus]]. The author demonstrates a clear interest in Lejre, the ancient seat of power close to Roskilde (on Sealand). Although most likely conceived as a separate work, the chronicle owes its preservation to the fact that it was inserted in the Annales Lundenses. The original name of the chronicle is not known. A version in Old Swedish may go back to a fuller and more original Latin text than the one preserved.

	=====Incipit/explicit=====		=====Incipit/explicit=====

Hkllm at 11:46, 4 July 2012

2012-07-04T11:46:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:46, 4 July 2012
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	by Sebastian Persson		by Sebastian Persson

	The anonymous Chronicon Lethrense is probably the oldest narrative dealing with Danish legendary history, a subject matter that was subsequently taken up by Sven Aggesøn ([[Sueno Aggonis]]) and [[Saxo Grammaticus]]. The author demonstrates a clear interest in Lejre, the ancient seat of power close to Roskilde (on Sealand). Although most likely conceived as a separate work, the chronicle owes its preservation to the fact that it was inserted in the Annales Lundenses. The original name of the chronicle is not known. A version in Old Swedish may go back to a fuller and more original Latin text than the one preserved.		The anonymous ''Chronicon Lethrense'' is probably the oldest narrative dealing with Danish legendary history, a subject matter that was subsequently taken up by Sven Aggesøn ([[Sueno Aggonis]]) and [[Saxo Grammaticus]]. The author demonstrates a clear interest in Lejre, the ancient seat of power close to Roskilde (on Sealand). Although most likely conceived as a separate work, the chronicle owes its preservation to the fact that it was inserted in the Annales Lundenses. The original name of the chronicle is not known. A version in Old Swedish may go back to a fuller and more original Latin text than the one preserved.

	=====Incipit/explicit=====		=====Incipit/explicit=====

Hkllm at 11:46, 4 July 2012

2012-07-04T11:46:05Z

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	===Purpose===		===Purpose===
	Olrik and Gertz see CL as an introduction to CR, Toldberg on the other hand sees it as political propaganda with anti-German tendencies (SØGAARD ~~1970 pp.~~ 150 -3). Søgaard follows Gertz and Olrik in considering CL as an introduction to CR because of syntactical similarities at the same time as he acknowledges the oral nature of the material (SØGAARD ~~1970 pp. 160 – 72~~).		Olrik and Gertz see CL as an introduction to CR, Toldberg on the other hand sees it as political propaganda with anti-German tendencies (SØGAARD 1968, 150-3). Søgaard follows Gertz and Olrik in considering CL as an introduction to CR because of syntactical similarities at the same time as he acknowledges the oral nature of the material (SØGAARD 1968, 160–72).

	===Transmission===		===Transmission===

Hkllm: /* Bibliography */

2012-07-04T11:44:52Z

Bibliography

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	*OLRIK, J. 1900 – 01 “Krøniken om Lejrekongerne,” in Krøniker fra Valdemarstiden, København, , pp. 1 – 22		*OLRIK, J. 1900 – 01 “Krøniken om Lejrekongerne,” in Krøniker fra Valdemarstiden, København, , pp. 1 – 22
	*PESCH, A. 2001: “Lejre-Chronik,” in Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Berlin.		*PESCH, A. 2001: “Lejre-Chronik,” in Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Berlin.
	*SØGAARD, H. 1968, “Om forholdet mellem Roskildekrøniken og Lejrekrøniken,” in Historie/Jyske Samlinger, nr. 8 Ny række.		*SØGAARD, H. 1968, “Om forholdet mellem Roskildekrøniken og Lejrekrøniken,” in Historie/Jyske Samlinger, nr. 8 Ny række, 149-72
	*TOLDBERG, H. 1961: “Lejrekrøniken,” in Kulturhistorisk Leksikon for nordisk middelalder, København (pp. 485 – 486).		*TOLDBERG, H. 1961: “Lejrekrøniken,” in Kulturhistorisk Leksikon for nordisk middelalder, København (pp. 485 – 486).
	*TOLDBERG, H. 1963: ”Stammer Lejrekrøniken fra Jakob Erlandsøns, Valdemarernes eller Knud den stores tid?”, Arkiv för nordisk filologi 79 [V, 23], 195-240.		*TOLDBERG, H. 1963: ”Stammer Lejrekrøniken fra Jakob Erlandsøns, Valdemarernes eller Knud den stores tid?”, Arkiv för nordisk filologi 79 [V, 23], 195-240.

Hkllm: /* Bibliography */

2012-07-04T11:43:33Z

Bibliography

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:43, 4 July 2012
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	*OLRIK, J. 1900 – 01 “Krøniken om Lejrekongerne,” in Krøniker fra Valdemarstiden, København, , pp. 1 – 22		*OLRIK, J. 1900 – 01 “Krøniken om Lejrekongerne,” in Krøniker fra Valdemarstiden, København, , pp. 1 – 22
	*PESCH, A. 2001: “Lejre-Chronik,” in Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Berlin.		*PESCH, A. 2001: “Lejre-Chronik,” in Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Berlin.
	*SØGAARD ~~1970~~, “Om forholdet mellem Roskildekrøniken og Lejrekrøniken,” in Historie, nr. ~~VIII~~ Ny række.		*SØGAARD, H. 1968, “Om forholdet mellem Roskildekrøniken og Lejrekrøniken,” in Historie/Jyske Samlinger, nr. 8 Ny række.
	*TOLDBERG, H. 1961: “Lejrekrøniken,” in Kulturhistorisk Leksikon for nordisk middelalder, København (pp. 485 – 486).		*TOLDBERG, H. 1961: “Lejrekrøniken,” in Kulturhistorisk Leksikon for nordisk middelalder, København (pp. 485 – 486).
	*TOLDBERG, H. 1963: ”Stammer Lejrekrøniken fra Jakob Erlandsøns, Valdemarernes eller Knud den stores tid?”, Arkiv för nordisk filologi 79 [V, 23], 195-240.		*TOLDBERG, H. 1963: ”Stammer Lejrekrøniken fra Jakob Erlandsøns, Valdemarernes eller Knud den stores tid?”, Arkiv för nordisk filologi 79 [V, 23], 195-240.

Hkllm: /* Bibliography */

2012-07-04T11:41:42Z

Bibliography

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:41, 4 July 2012
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	*OLRIK, J. 1900 – 01 “Krøniken om Lejrekongerne,” in Krøniker fra Valdemarstiden, København, , pp. 1 – 22		*OLRIK, J. 1900 – 01 “Krøniken om Lejrekongerne,” in Krøniker fra Valdemarstiden, København, , pp. 1 – 22
	*PESCH, A. 2001: “Lejre-Chronik,” in Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Berlin.		*PESCH, A. 2001: “Lejre-Chronik,” in Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Berlin.
	*~~Søgaard~~ 1970, “Om forholdet mellem Roskildekrøniken og Lejrekrøniken,” in Historie, nr. VIII Ny række.		*SØGAARD 1970, “Om forholdet mellem Roskildekrøniken og Lejrekrøniken,” in Historie, nr. VIII Ny række.
	TOLDBERG, H. 1961: “Lejrekrøniken,” in Kulturhistorisk Leksikon for nordisk middelalder, København (pp. 485 – 486).		*TOLDBERG, H. 1961: “Lejrekrøniken,” in Kulturhistorisk Leksikon for nordisk middelalder, København (pp. 485 – 486).
	TOLDBERG, H. 1963: ”Stammer Lejrekrøniken fra Jakob Erlandsøns, Valdemarernes eller Knud den stores tid?”, Arkiv för nordisk filologi 79 [V, 23], 195-240.		*TOLDBERG, H. 1963: ”Stammer Lejrekrøniken fra Jakob Erlandsøns, Valdemarernes eller Knud den stores tid?”, Arkiv för nordisk filologi 79 [V, 23], 195-240.
	WAITZ, G. 1850: ”Die Quelle der Annales Esromenses, oder Annales Lundenses”, Nordalbingische Studien. Neues Archiv der Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburgischen Gesellschaft für vaterländische Geschichte, vol. 5 1-55		*WAITZ, G. 1850: ”Die Quelle der Annales Esromenses, oder Annales Lundenses”, Nordalbingische Studien. Neues Archiv der Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburgischen Gesellschaft für vaterländische Geschichte, vol. 5 1-55
	WAITZ, G. (ed.) 1892: Monumenta Germaniae historica. Scriptores, vol. 29, Hannover.		*WAITZ, G. (ed.) 1892: Monumenta Germaniae historica. Scriptores, vol. 29, Hannover.

	[[Category:Article]]		[[Category:Article]]

Hkllm: /* Date and place */

2012-07-04T11:41:05Z

Date and place

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	===Date and place===		===Date and place===
	The most widely accepted theory about the date and place of composition of the Chronicon Lethrense is that of GERTZ (1918-22, 35f). According to Gertz the chronicle was written by a cleric with connections to the diocese of Roskilde, since the city of Roskilde and its surroundings, including the legendary royal residence of Lejre and its kings, play such a prominent role in the text. Moreover, there are clear verbal borrowings in the text from the Roskilde Chronicle and its somewhat later continuation, a fact which provides a date at the end of the 12th century and which have led scholars to establish its connection to Roskilde. On the basis of the pronounced anti-German bias of the text Gertz dates it to the second half of the twelfth century, or c. 1170, when antagonism between king Valdemar I and emperor Frederic Barbarossa was at its height. A.K.G. KRISTENSEN (1969, 124 (n. 21) & 131) argues for the chapter of Lund Cathedral as the place of origin of the chronicle, but she does not commit herself on the question of dating. Anders Leegaard KNUDSEN (2000, 5-7) points out that anti-German feelings were strong in the thirteenth century, too, thus weakening the foundations of Gertz’s dating. TOLDBERG (~~1964~~) seems to be the only one who argues for a date earlier than the mid-twelfth century: he is inclined towards a dating to the reign of Knud II the Great (1016-35), whose rivalry with the German empire was a political fact; this would explain the British element among the sources of the chronicle (cp. below). According to Hemmingsen the particular blend of source material which we find in the chronicle is most likely to have been brought together in the early 1190s (HEMMINGSEN 1996, 465-7), but he finds it probable that the original text of the Latin chronicle was revised in the thirteenth century, perhaps more than once (ibid. 398 – 401).		The most widely accepted theory about the date and place of composition of the Chronicon Lethrense is that of GERTZ (1918-22, 35f). According to Gertz the chronicle was written by a cleric with connections to the diocese of Roskilde, since the city of Roskilde and its surroundings, including the legendary royal residence of Lejre and its kings, play such a prominent role in the text. Moreover, there are clear verbal borrowings in the text from the Roskilde Chronicle and its somewhat later continuation, a fact which provides a date at the end of the 12th century and which have led scholars to establish its connection to Roskilde. On the basis of the pronounced anti-German bias of the text Gertz dates it to the second half of the twelfth century, or c. 1170, when antagonism between king Valdemar I and emperor Frederic Barbarossa was at its height. A.K.G. KRISTENSEN (1969, 124 (n. 21) & 131) argues for the chapter of Lund Cathedral as the place of origin of the chronicle, but she does not commit herself on the question of dating. Anders Leegaard KNUDSEN (2000, 5-7) points out that anti-German feelings were strong in the thirteenth century, too, thus weakening the foundations of Gertz’s dating. TOLDBERG (1963) seems to be the only one who argues for a date earlier than the mid-twelfth century: he is inclined towards a dating to the reign of Knud II the Great (1016-35), whose rivalry with the German empire was a political fact; this would explain the British element among the sources of the chronicle (cp. below). According to Hemmingsen the particular blend of source material which we find in the chronicle is most likely to have been brought together in the early 1190s (HEMMINGSEN 1996, 465-7), but he finds it probable that the original text of the Latin chronicle was revised in the thirteenth century, perhaps more than once (ibid. 398 – 401).

	===Summary===		===Summary===

Hkllm at 11:39, 4 July 2012

2012-07-04T11:39:29Z

Hkllm at 11:36, 4 July 2012

2012-07-04T11:36:36Z

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	*København, Den arnamagnæanske samling, AM 843, 4° (c. 1300) (A)		*København, Den arnamagnæanske samling, AM 843, 4° (c. 1300) (A)
	*København, Den arnamagnæanske samling AM 841 4° (c. 1400) (M)		*København, Den arnamagnæanske samling AM 841 4° (c. 1400) (M)
	*Erfurt, ~~Wissenschaftliche Allgemeinbibliothek~~, CE 8° 23 (c. ~~1300~~) (E), cp. GERTZ I 37 – 41		*Erfurt, Universitäts- und Forschungsbibliothek Erfurt/Gotha, CE 8o 23 (part V, ff. 184-221), late 13. cent. (HEYNE 2005, 65-73, cf. GERTZ I, 37 – 41)

	All three MSS are available in facsimile in KROMAN 1965. It is possible, but not certain, that M was derived from E. Gertz built his edition on A (p. 40). Chronicon Lethrense is believed to have been an independent work which due to its content has been copied with [[Annales Lundenses]]. Later texts which use the chronicle are the [[Annales Ryenses]], Gesta Danorum paa Danskæ and a version written in medieval Swedish (HEMMINGSEN 1996 p. 394, GERTZ 1970 p. 37, KNUDSEN p. 7). In the case of [[Saxo Grammaticus]]’s Gesta Danorum, the chronicle may have been used to a very limited extent. In CL Dan is made king by being placed on a great rock, Saxo (1.2.1) writes that Humble is made king by the nobility who is standing on great rocks. Both CL and Saxo mentions a king Snyo, although the resemblance ends here. They both mention the battle at Brawal, a battle we know was also being celebrated in orally transmitted songs.		All three MSS are available in facsimile in KROMAN 1965. It is possible, but not certain, that M was derived from E. Gertz built his edition on A (p. 40). Chronicon Lethrense is believed to have been an independent work which due to its content has been copied with [[Annales Lundenses]]. Later texts which use the chronicle are the [[Annales Ryenses]], Gesta Danorum paa Danskæ and a version written in medieval Swedish (HEMMINGSEN 1996 p. 394, GERTZ 1970 p. 37, KNUDSEN p. 7). In the case of [[Saxo Grammaticus]]’s Gesta Danorum, the chronicle may have been used to a very limited extent. In CL Dan is made king by being placed on a great rock, Saxo (1.2.1) writes that Humble is made king by the nobility who is standing on great rocks. Both CL and Saxo mentions a king Snyo, although the resemblance ends here. They both mention the battle at Brawal, a battle we know was also being celebrated in orally transmitted songs.

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	*BRANDT, Troels Danernes Sagnhistorie, København, 2004		*BRANDT, Troels Danernes Sagnhistorie, København, 2004
	*HEMMINGSEN, Lars 1996: By Word of Mouth: the origins of Danish legendary history, Ph.D. diss. University of Copenhagen, København, esp. pp. 389-467.		*HEMMINGSEN, Lars 1996: By Word of Mouth: the origins of Danish legendary history, Ph.D. diss. University of Copenhagen, København, esp. pp. 389-467.
			*HEYNE, S. 2005: Die mittelalterlichen Codices Erfordenses in der Universitäts- und Forschungsbibliothek Erfurt / Gotha, Erfurt – Gotha.
	*KLEMMING, G. E. 1868-81: ”Småstycken på forn svenska”, pp. 241-48 & 257, Samlingar utg. av Svenska fornskrift-sällskapet, Stockholm.		*KLEMMING, G. E. 1868-81: ”Småstycken på forn svenska”, pp. 241-48 & 257, Samlingar utg. av Svenska fornskrift-sällskapet, Stockholm.
	*KRISTENSEN, A.K.G. 1969: Danmarks ældste annalistik, København.		*KRISTENSEN, A.K.G. 1969: Danmarks ældste annalistik, København.
	KROMAN, ~~Erik~~ (ed.), 1965: Corpus codicum Danicorum, vol. V, ~~Copenhagen~~.		*KROMAN, E. (ed.), 1965: Corpus codicum Danicorum, vol. V, København.
	KNUDSEN, ~~Anders Leegaard~~ 2000: “Interessen for den danske fortid omkring 1300,” in Historisk Tidskrift, nr. 100/1, København,		*KNUDSEN, A.L. 2000: “Interessen for den danske fortid omkring 1300,” in Historisk Tidskrift, nr. 100/1, København,
	LUKMAN, N. 1943: Skjoldunge und Skilfinge, Hunnenund Herulerkönige in ostnordischer Uberlieferung, København.		*LUKMAN, N. 1943: Skjoldunge und Skilfinge, Hunnenund Herulerkönige in ostnordischer Uberlieferung, København.
	LUKMAN, N. 1961: “Heltesagn,” in Kulturhistorisk Leksikon for nordisk middelalder, København, (pp. 419 – 425)		*LUKMAN, N. 1961: “Heltesagn,” in Kulturhistorisk Leksikon for nordisk middelalder, København, (pp. 419 – 425)
	LUKMAN, N. 1975: "Sagnhistorien hos Saxo. Det 12. århundredes normannerromantik i Saxos udformning" in Saxostudier (Saxo-kollokvierne ved Københavns Universitet) (ed. I. Boserup), Copenhagen.		*LUKMAN, N. 1975: "Sagnhistorien hos Saxo. Det 12. århundredes normannerromantik i Saxos udformning" in Saxostudier (Saxo-kollokvierne ved Københavns Universitet) (ed. I. Boserup), Copenhagen.
	MØLLER, ~~Kirsten~~ Vikingeætten, København~~, 1997~~		*MØLLER, K. 1997: Vikingeætten, København.
	OLRIK, ~~Jørgen~~ 1899: “Sagnkrøniken I Lundeårbøgerne”, (Dansk) Historisk Tidsskrift 7. Rk. Bd. 2, 222-9.		*OLRIK, J. 1899: “Sagnkrøniken I Lundeårbøgerne”, (Dansk) Historisk Tidsskrift 7. Rk. Bd. 2, 222-9.
	OLRIK, ~~Jørgen~~ 1900 – 01 “Krøniken om Lejrekongerne,” in Krøniker fra Valdemarstiden, København, , pp. 1 – 22		*OLRIK, J. 1900 – 01 “Krøniken om Lejrekongerne,” in Krøniker fra Valdemarstiden, København, , pp. 1 – 22
	PESCH, A. “Lejre-Chronik,” in Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Berlin~~, 2001~~		*PESCH, A. 2001: “Lejre-Chronik,” in Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Berlin.
	Søgaard 1970, “Om forholdet mellem Roskildekrøniken og Lejrekrøniken,” in Historie, nr. VIII Ny række~~, Århus,~~		*Søgaard 1970, “Om forholdet mellem Roskildekrøniken og Lejrekrøniken,” in Historie, nr. VIII Ny række.
	TOLDBERG, ~~Helge~~ “Lejrekrøniken,” in Kulturhistorisk Leksikon for nordisk middelalder, København~~, 1961~~ (pp. 485 – 486)		TOLDBERG, H. 1961: “Lejrekrøniken,” in Kulturhistorisk Leksikon for nordisk middelalder, København (pp. 485 – 486).
	TOLDBERG, ~~Helge~~ 1963: ”Stammer Lejrekrøniken fra Jakob Erlandsøns, Valdemarernes eller Knud den stores tid?”, Arkiv för nordisk filologi 79 [V, 23], 195-240.		TOLDBERG, H. 1963: ”Stammer Lejrekrøniken fra Jakob Erlandsøns, Valdemarernes eller Knud den stores tid?”, Arkiv för nordisk filologi 79 [V, 23], 195-240.
	WAITZ, G. 1850: ”Die Quelle der Annales Esromenses, oder Annales Lundenses”, Nordalbingische Studien. Neues Archiv der Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburgischen Gesellschaft für vaterländische Geschichte, vol. 5 1-55		WAITZ, G. 1850: ”Die Quelle der Annales Esromenses, oder Annales Lundenses”, Nordalbingische Studien. Neues Archiv der Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburgischen Gesellschaft für vaterländische Geschichte, vol. 5 1-55
	WAITZ, G. (ed.) 1892: Monumenta Germaniae historica. Scriptores, vol. 29, Hannover.		WAITZ, G. (ed.) 1892: Monumenta Germaniae historica. Scriptores, vol. 29, Hannover.

	[[Category:Article]]		[[Category:Article]]